Biblical prepositions
A closed set of short words does the work of English "in, to, from, on, before, after."
The prefixes
בְּ לְ כְּ attach to the next word. מִן often becomes מֵ or מִ with dagesh. They combine with the article (בַּ, לַ, כַּ). These four plus עַל and אֶל turn up in almost every prose verse.
in a house
to a king
like a man
from
Independent prepositions
עַל on/upon, אֶל toward, עִם with, עַד until, אַחַר after, תַּחַת under, בֵּין between, לִפְנֵי before (from "face"), אַחֲרֵי after. Several take suffixes on a plural base (אֵלֶיךָ, עָלָיו).
before, in front of
after
under, instead of
between
Gloss with a light hand
בְּ is not always "in." לְ is not always "to." A locative, a purpose, an agent, or a time phrase may use the same letter. Collect a few model verses rather than one English equivalent.
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Construct chains
Smikhut: two (or more) nouns in a row, the first in construct, the last carrying definiteness for the chain.
The infinitive construct
A verbal noun, often with לְ, that carries purpose, time, or the gloss "to …".
The 100 most common words
A short list does most of the work in Biblical Hebrew. Particles and a handful of verbs open whole chapters.